Automotive wireless charging PCB is mainly used in wireless charging technology, which is derived from wireless power transmission technology. Wireless power transmission is also called wireless energy transmission or wireless energy transmission, mainly through electromagnetic induction, electromagnetic resonance, radio frequency, microwave, laser and other means to achieve non-contact power transmission. According to the different power supply distance of wireless power transmission in space, the forms of wireless power transmission can be divided into short range, medium range and remote transmission.
(1) Short range transmission. It is realized by electromagnetic induction power transmission (ICPT) technology, which is generally suitable for small portable electronic equipment PCB power supply. ICPT mainly uses magnetic field as the medium, uses separable transformer coupling, generates current through primary and secondary coil induction, electromagnetic field can penetrate all non-metallic objects, electric energy can be transmitted through many non-metallic materials, so as to transfer energy from the transmission end to the receiving end, so as to realize the power transmission without electrical connection. The transmission power of electromagnetic induction is large, up to several hundred kilowatts, but the application of electromagnetic induction principle is limited by the short distance between the power supply end and the receiving end, and the upper limit of transmission distance is about 10 cm.
(2) Medium range transmission. Through electromagnetic coupling resonance power transmission (ERPT) technology or radio frequency power transmission (rfpt) technology, medium range transmission can provide wireless power transmission for mobile phones, MP3 and other instruments. ERPT technology mainly uses the working principle of electromagnetic resonance and strong electromagnetic coupling when the natural frequency of the receiving antenna is consistent with the electromagnetic frequency of the transmitting field, so as to realize the efficient transmission of electric energy through the non radiation magnetic field. Compared with the electromagnetic induction type, the magnetic field of the electromagnetic resonance type is much weaker, the transmission power can reach several thousand watts, and the transmission distance can reach 3-4 M. Rfpt mainly transmits RF signal through power amplifier, and obtains DC power through detection and high frequency rectification for load. The rfpt has a long distance and can reach 10 m, but the transmission power is very small, ranging from several MW to 100 MW.
(3) Remote transmission. It is realized by microwave power transmission (MPT) technology or laser power transmission (LPT) technology. Remote transmission is of great strategic significance in the field of space science and technology, such as the energy transmission between satellites and spacecraft, and the development and utilization of new energy. MPT is to convert electric energy into microwave, let microwave transmit to the target position through free space, and then convert it into DC power to supply to the load through rectification. Microwave power transmission is suitable for large-scale, long-distance and environment-friendly power transmission, such as space solar power station. LPT is the use of laser can carry a lot of energy, with a small emission power to achieve long-distance power transmission. The laser has strong directivity and energy concentration, so there is no risk of interference with communication satellites. However, obstacles will affect the energy exchange between the laser and the receiving device, and the beam energy will be partially lost during transmission.
